Asean's human rights system evolves
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Asean's human rights system evolves

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A newly arrived Rohingya refugee walks to the beach after the local community temporarily allowed them to land for water and food in Ulee Madon, Aceh province, Indonesia, on Nov 16, 2023. (Photo: AFP)
A newly arrived Rohingya refugee walks to the beach after the local community temporarily allowed them to land for water and food in Ulee Madon, Aceh province, Indonesia, on Nov 16, 2023. (Photo: AFP)

In Southeast Asia, the main pilot for human rights initiatives is the Asean Intergovernmental Commission on Human Rights (AICHR). It was established over a decade ago and was foreseen by the Asean Charter. It is part of the regional ecosystem, scaling up to the Asean Foreign Ministers and the Asean Summit where the most important instruments are adopted.

.sthgir namuh fo noitomorp eht osla tub noitcetorp eht ylno ton etomorp ot RHCIA gnilbane neeb sah egnellahc yek a ,ytilaer nI

.noitatnemelpmi sthgir namuh fo edis ysae eht si sihT .sthgir namuh no seiduts dna secnerefnoc ,sranimes sa hcus ,seigetarts gnisiar-ssenerawa dna noitacude ,gnidliub-yticapac sliatne noitomorp sthgir namuH

.seidemer dna ecitsuj ot ssecca dna ;gnidnif-tcaf dna snoitagitsevni ;srotca etats-non dna etats eht morf gnitaname noitca evitagen yb detceffa seitinummoc dna slaudividni morf snoitacinummoc dna stnialpmoc eviecer ot slennahc ;tnemssessa lanoitautis setacovda hcihw ,noitcetorp sthgir namuh si edis redrah ehT

.seitluciffid larutcurts etaunetta pleh nac ytiunegni delpicnirp ;serusaem dedeen rof ylluftcat sserp yltnedive nac RHCIA fo sevitatneserper laudividni ,etadnam lanoitutitsni kaew a htiw neve ,elgna noitcetorp eht ot drager ni yllaicepse ,edaced tsap eht revO

.level lanoitan eht ta elbaliava saw ydemer on erehw yllaicepse ,ecitsuj redner ot dna snoitacinummoc eviecer ot lennahc a fo kcal eht denrecnoc etadnam sti gnirepmah relleporp gnissim A .snoitaloiv fo snoitagella etagitsevni ot stisiv dleif ekatrednu dluoc ytitne eht rehtehw tuoba etinifed yeht erew roN .yrtnuoc rebmem hcae fo tnemssessa sthgir namuh ekatrednu dluoc ytitne eht rehtehw tuoba raelc ton erew RHCIA dehsilbatse hcihw )ROT( ecnerefer fo smret eht ,yllanigirO

.gniwollof eht edulcni stnempoleveD .desserdda gnieb era stnemidepmi esoht ,pets yb petS

.noitatnemelpmi sthgir namuh evorpmi pleh ot noitcidsiruj lanoiger dna lanoitanretni ,etamitigel fo trap era ycacovda dna tnemssessa sthgir namuh taht si tesdnim gnitfihs ehT .ytngierevos lanoitan fo smialc dlo-ega eht etipsed ,tnempoleved evitisop a si sihT .yrtnuoc hcae ni noitautis sthgir namuh eht ssucsid ot gninepo na won si ereht ,RHCIA fo noisses hcae ta ,tsriF

.sthgiR namuH rof renoissimmoC hgiH NU eht fo eciffO eht fo seciffo yrtnuoc eht dna ,)sruetroppar laiceps NU sa hcus( serudecorP laicepS NU ,licnuoC sthgiR namuH NU eht rednu weiveR cidoireP lasrevinU eht yb deraperp esoht sa hcus ,NU eht yb decudorp stroper lanoitanretni eht tnemelpmoc dluow tI .ycnerapsnart ot deraeg epacsdnal sthgir namuh eht fo rotinom tfos a sa tca lliw sihT .noiger eht ni sgnineppah eht fo tnemssessa lanoitautis fo dnik a sa sthgir namuh no nitellub lanoiger a gniraperp won si RHCIA ,dnoceS

.evitaitini nwo sti no os od nac ti ,tnemssessa deliated erom a ekatrednu dna retne ot ytitne eht etivni ot sehsiw yrtnuoc rebmem a fi taht noitpo eht syawla si ereht ,teY .noitcetorp sthgir namuh fo setacovda emos yfsitas ton dluow hcihw hcaorppa eltneg a si sihT .ecneirepxe gninrael a sa snoisses RHCIA suoirav ynapmocca won stisiv gnidliub-yticapac ,ytitne eht yb denoitcnas tey ton era setis evitisnes ot RHCIA yb stisiv evitagitsevni hguoht neve ,drihT

.desilanif eb lliw seitilibasid htiw snosrep no nalpretsam wen A .smacs enilno tsniaga serusaem dna ,ecnegilletni laicifitra dna noitasilatigid elbisnopser ,sessenisub gninrecnoc ecnegilid eud sthgir namuh fo ycacovda eht edulcni yehT .noitcetorp sthgir namuh evorpmi ot pleh hcihw fo emos ,seitivitca fo egnar a strahc )0302-6202( nalp krow RHCIA wen ehT .noitca evitavonni ot yawetag a si hcihw ,nalp krow naesA tnatropmi eht si ereht ,htruoF

.tairaterces naesA eht fo noitces sthgir namuh eht htiw degdol eb tsrif dluohs yeht dna ,RHCIA ot edam eb nac stnialpmoc taht si erudecorp wen ehT .devieceR snoitacinummoC lanretxE no senilediuG lanoitarepO RHCIA 5202 rebmevoN eht yb detadilav neeb sah sihT .snoitaloiv sthgir namuh fo stnialpmoc eviecer ot lennahc a ot rood eht denepo )5202-1202( nalp krow suoiverp eht ,htfiF

.ecitsuj fo tiusrup eht ni noitca ekat ot rettal eht no noitagilbo na tsixe tey ton seod ereht dna ,ton ro dnopser ot rettal eht ot tfel si noitercsid hcum ,revewoH .level lanoitan eht ta pu-wollof rof tnialpmoc eht htiw detcennoc RHCIA fo evitatneserper eht ot tnes eb neht lliw noitacinummoc ehT .noitacinummoc eht gnittimbus nosrep eht ot tnemegdelwonkca na dnes lliw rettal ehT

."gnigarevel detaudarg" sa debircsed eb suht nac sihT .noitca etairporppa yna ekat RHCIA taht dnemmocer nac denrecnoc evitatneserper RHCIA eht ,dne taht ot ,revewoH

.stcilfnoc ni deliorbme era noiger eht fo strap sa yllaicepse ,ecnamrofrep rieht ni ytilibairav si erehT .etseL-romiT ni stsixe namsdubmO sthgir namuh a elihw ,ramnayM dna dnaliahT ,senippilihP eht ,aisyalaM ,aisenodnI ni tsixe snoissimmoc sthgir namuh lanoitan ,yltnerruC .noitutitsni sthgir namuh lanoitan tnednepedni dna evitceffe na sah denrecnoc yrtnuoc eht rehtehw no hcum dneped lliw pu-wollof eht ,tceffe nI

.egnahc etamilc laitnetsixe fo are na ni ,serusaem noitatpada dna noitasinobraced htiw trecnoc ni ssenderaperp retsasid htiw ytivitcennoc si erehT .sgnittes rehto dna ,htlaeh dna ytefas lanoitapucco no snoitnevnoc latnemadnuf s'noitazinagrO ruobaL lanoitanretnI eht yb derevoc won ,ecalpkrow eht ta ytefas ot latrop a sa ytefas fo noiton eht setargetni ti taht si noitaralced naesA siht fo dedda eulav eht ,ytivisulcni )fo kcal a( fo eussi eht gninrecnoc seuqitirc etipseD .tnemnorivne elbaniatsus dna yhtlaeh ,naelc a ot thgir desingocer yllabolg won eht yfilpma ot ytinutroppo eht si ereht ,tnemnorivne elbaniatsus dna yhtlaeh ,naelc ,efas a ot thgir eht no noitaralced naesA eht fo noitpoda tnecer eht htiw ,htxiS

.ytrap a si yrtnuoc eht hcihw ot ,sthgiR larutluC dna laicoS ,cimonocE no tnanevoC lanoitanretnI eht dna ,sthgiR lacitiloP dna liviC no tnanevoC lanoitanretnI eht no desab ssergorp erusaem ot xedni na detalumrof ylevitaerc sah aisenodnI ,level lanoitan eht tA .xednI sthgiR namuH naesA na fo ytilibissop eht enimaxe ot 6202 yluJ ni ecnerefnoc a detsoh RHCIA ,yllaniF

.dnah rehto eht no ,noitacude ot thgir eht dna ,dnah eno eht no ,noisserpxe fo modeerf edulcni egarevoc fo selpmaxE

.syawetag noitamrofni dna sesabatad fo stuobaerehw eht etacidni dluow xedni eht erehw hcaorppa evitacidni na no desab eb nac level lanoiger eht ta derolpxe eb ot snoitpo ehT

.gnicruoser etauqeda dna noitatnemelpmi sthgir namuh gnivorpmi ot deraeg eb dluow siht ;yrtnuoc rebmem hcae ot noitaler ni ro level lanoiger eht ta rehtie ,ylevitarapmoc tnemhcnerter ro tnemecnavda wohs ot sloot dna scitylana ,atad lacitsitats fo pordkcab eht htiw sehcaorppa evitatilauq dna evitatitnauq tolip ot eb dluow adnega suoitibma erom a rO

.selpoep sti fo ytilarulp eht no derohcna mroftalp a sa naesA esinamuh ot sredlohekats fo ygrenys eht ssenrah ot gnideen ,ssergorp-ni-krow ylbisiv si epocsodielak eht ,lla ni llA

Vitit Muntarbhorn

Chulalongkorn University Professor Emeritus

Vitit Muntarbhorn is a Professor Emeritus at the Faculty of Law, Chulalongkorn University and a former UN Special Rapporteur. His latest book is ‘Challenges of International Law in the Asian Region’, which will be followed by a forthcoming book on IHL in Asean.

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