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FLASHCARDS

Intermediate

Energy economy

Boost your understanding of the energy economy through clear, student-friendly terms, from fuel and supply chains to consumption, shortages and emissions. Ideal for students, policy followers or anyone curious about how energy systems impact daily life. Download the PDF or print on demand today.

  • fuel
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    /ˈfjuː.əl/
    a substance that is used to provide heat or power, usually by being burned
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    เชื้อเพลิง
  • coal
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    /kəʊl/
    a hard, black substance that is dug from the earth in pieces, and can be burned to produce heat or power, or a single piece of this
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    ถ่านหิน
  • diesel
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    /ˈdiː.zəl/
    a type of heavy oil used as fuel
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    น้ำมันดีเซล
  • natural gas
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    /ˌnætʃ.ər.əl ˈɡæs/
    gas, found underground, that is used as a fuel
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    แก๊สธรรมชาติ
  • crude oil
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    /krud ˈɔɪl/
    oil from underground that has not yet been made into other products
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    น้ำมันดิบ
  • vehicle
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    /ˈvɪə.kəl/
    a machine, usually with wheels and an engine, used for transporting people or goods, especially on land
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    ยานพาหนะ
  • pump
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    /pʌmp/
    a piece of equipment that is used to cause liquid, air or gas to move from one place to another
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    เครื่องสูบ
  • power station
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    /ˈpaʊə ˌsteɪ.ʃən/
    a factory where electricity is produced
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    โรงไฟฟ้า
  • supply
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    /səˈplaɪ/
    an amount of something that is available for use
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    อุปทาน
  • shortage
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    /ˈʃɔː.tɪdʒ/
    a situation in which there is not enough of something
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    ความขาดแคลน
  • consumption
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    /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
    the amount used or eaten
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    ปริมาณการใช้
  • subsidise
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    /ˈsʌbsɪdaɪz/
    to give money to a person or an organisation in order to pay part of the cost of something that they do or make
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    ให้ความช่วยเหลือด้านการเงิน
  • cap
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    /kæp/
    to set an upper limit on spending or prices
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    มีขีดสูงสุด
  • spike
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    /spaɪk/
    a sudden increase
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    การพุ่งพรวดขึ้น
  • stable
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    /ˈsteɪ.bəl/
    firmly fixed or not likely to move or change
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    มั่นคง
  • adequate
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    /ˈæd.ə.kwət/
    enough or satisfactory for a particular purpose
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    อย่างพอเพียง
  • energy-efficient
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    /ˈen.ə.dʒi.ɪˌfɪʃ.ənt/
    using little electricity, gas, etc.
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    ประหยัดพลังงาน
  • disruption
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    /dɪsˈrʌpʃən/
    an interruption in the usual way that a system, process or event works
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    การหยุดชะงัก
  • panic buying
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    /ˈpæn.ɪk ˌbaɪ.ɪŋ/
    a situation in which many people suddenly buy as much food, fuel, etc. as they can because they are worried about something bad that may happen
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    การซื้อสินค้าด้วยอาการตื่นตระหนก
  • ration
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    /ˈræʃ.ən/
    a limited amount of something that one person is allowed to have, especially when there is not much of it available
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    การปันส่วน
  • carbon footprint
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    /ˌkɑː.bən ˈfʊt.prɪnt/
    someone's carbon footprint is a measurement of the amount of carbon dioxide that their activities produce
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    รอยเท้าคาร์บอน
  • infrastructure
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    /ˈɪn.frəˌstrʌk.tʃər/
    the basic systems and services, such as transport and power supplies, that a country or organisation uses in order to work effectively
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    โครงสร้างพื้นฐาน
  • demand
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    /dɪˈmɑːnd/
    a need for goods or services that customers want to buy or use
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    ความต้องการ, อุปสงค์
  • outage
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    /ˈaʊ.tɪdʒ/
    a period when a service, such as electricity, is not available
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    ช่วงเวลาที่ไม่มีกระแสไฟฟ้า
  • emission
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    /iˈmɪʃ.ən/
    the act of sending out gas, heat, light, etc.
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    การปล่อยพลังงาน
  • availability
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    /əˌveɪ.ləˈbɪl.ə.ti/
    the fact that something can be bought, used or reached, or how much it can be
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    สภาพพร้อมใช้ประโยชน์
  • generator
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    /ˈdʒen.ər.eɪ.tər/
    a machine that produces electrical power
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    เครื่องกำเนิดไฟฟ้า
  • conserve
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    /kənˈsɜːv/
    to keep and protect something from damage, change or waste
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    อนุรักษ์
  • electricity
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    /ˌel.ɪkˈtrɪs.ə.ti/
    a form of energy that can be produced in several ways and that provides power to devices that create light, heat, etc.
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    กระแสไฟฟ้า
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